Interaksi antara nutrisi dan antimikroba topikal dalam penyembuhan luka: A literature review

Muh Fadhil Hanafi (Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Muslim Indonesia)
Asrini Safitri (Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Muslim Indonesia)
Dian Amelia Abdi (Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Muslim Indonesia)
DOI: 10.56922/pti.v6i6.20 Published: 2026-10-24 pp. 558-563
Full-Text Downloads:
Access and read the complete peer-reviewed article

Background: Wound healing is a complex process involving multifactorial interactions between tissue regeneration, infection control, and the patient's nutritional status.

Purpose: To explore the dynamic interaction between nutrition and topical antimicrobials in the context of wound healing.

Method: A literature review was conducted using a systematic search across databases including PubMed, Google Scholar, and other relevant academic sources, covering the period from 2021 to 2026.

Results: Nutritional status—particularly levels of protein, vitamin C, zinc, and other micronutrients—significantly influences the effectiveness of topical antimicrobial agents in inhibiting pathogen growth and supporting the healing process. In vitro studies indicate that natural-based topical antimicrobials (such as plant extracts and organic acids) show potential as safe alternatives, especially when wound healing is supported by adequate nutrition. An integrated approach, combining clinical nutritional management with the appropriate application of topical antimicrobials, has proven more effective in accelerating wound healing than the use of topical antimicrobials alone. Clinical implications highlight the necessity for comprehensive nutritional assessment and the optimization of nutritional status as an integral component of modern wound management.

Conclusion: This research emphasizes that the success of topical antimicrobial therapy is highly dependent on the patient's nutritional status; therefore, clinical nutritional interventions and the use of topical antimicrobials should be implemented simultaneously and in a coordinated manner.

 

Keywords: Nutrition; Nutritional Status; Topical Antimicrobials; Wound Healing; Wound Infection.

 

Pendahuluan: Penyembuhan luka merupakan proses kompleks yang melibatkan interaksi multifaktorial antara regenerasi jaringan, kontrol infeksi, dan status gizi pasien.

Tujuan: Untuk mengeksplorasi interaksi dinamis antara nutrisi dan antimikroba topikal dalam konteks penyembuhan luka.

Metode: Penelitian literatur review menggunakan pencarian sistematis melalui database PubMed, Google Scholar, dan sumber akademis terkait antara tahun 2021-2026.

Hasil: Status gizi, terutama kadar protein, vitamin C, zinc, dan mikronurien lainnya, memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap efektivitas agen antimikroba topikal dalam menghambat pertumbuhan patogen dan mendukung proses penyembuhan. Penelitian in vitro menunjukkan bahwa antimikroba topikal berbasis bahan alami (seperti ekstrak tanaman dan asam organik) memiliki potensi sebagai alternatif antimikroba yang aman, terutama pada konteks penyembuhan luka dengan dukungan nutrisi yang adekuat. Pendekatan terintegrasi yang menggabungkan manajemen nutrisi klinik dengan aplikasi antimikroba topikal yang tepat terbukti lebih efektif dalam mempercepat penyembuhan luka dibandingkan aplikasi antimikroba topikal saja. Implikasi klinis menunjukkan perlunya assessment gizi komprehensif dan optimalisasi status nutrisi sebagai bagian integral dari manajemen luka modern.

Simpulan: penelitian ini menekankan bahwa keberhasilan terapi antimikroba topikal sangat bergantung pada status gizi pasien, sehingga intervensi gizi klinik dan antimikroba topikal harus dilaksanakan secara simultan dan terkoordinasi.

 

Kata Kunci: Antimikroba Topikal; Infeksi Luka; Nutrisi; Penyembuhan Luka; Status Gizi.

Interaksi antara nutrisi dan antimikroba topikal dalam penyembuhan luka: A literature review . (2026). Journal of Pharmacy and Tropical Issues, 6(6), 558-563. https://doi.org/10.56922/pti.v6i6.20
ABNT ACM ACS AMA APA Chicago Harvard IEEE MLA Turabian Vancouver
Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX
  1. Amin, S., & Salimah, S. I. (2025). Eksplorasi Asam Organik Alami Untuk Menghambat Bakteri Resisten: Aktivitas Antimikroba Dan Potensi Antiinfeksi. Journal of Public Health Science, 2(1), 81-88. https://doi.org/10.70248/jophs.v2i1.2122
  2. Clemente-Suárez, V. J., Beltrán-Velasco, A. I., Ramos-Campo, D. J., Rubio-Zarapuz, A., Tornero-Aguilera, J. F., Martín-Rodríguez, A., ... & López-Gil, J. F. (2026). Link between physical activity, nutrition, and antimicrobial pharmacokinetics and therapeutic efficacy: Implications for resistance management. Sage Open Medicine, 14, 20503121261462838. https://doi.org/10.1177/20503121261462838
  3. Cooper, R. (2004). A review of the evidence for the use of topical antimicrobial agents in wound care. World wide wounds, 1(1), 1-15.
  4. Daher, G. S., Choi, K. Y., Wells, J. W., & Goyal, N. (2022). A systematic review of oral nutritional supplement and wound healing. Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology, 131(12), 1358-1368. https://doi.org/10.1177/00034894211069437
  5. Dallo, M., Patel, K., & Hebert, A. A. (2023). Topical antibiotic treatment in dermatology. Antibiotics, 12(2), 188. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics12020188
  6. Djuang, J. (2022). Potensi Cuka Apel Sebagai Antimikroba Topikal: Literature Review: The Potential of Apple Cider Vinegar as Topical Antimicrobial: Literature Review. Media Publikasi Promosi Kesehatan Indonesia (MPPKI), 5(12), 1527-1531. https://doi.org/10.56338/mppki.v5i12.2799
  7. Eriksson, E., Liu, P. Y., Schultz, G. S., Martins‐Green, M. M., Tanaka, R., Weir, D., & Gurtner, G. C. (2022). Chronic wounds: Treatment consensus. Wound repair and regeneration, 30(2), 156-171. https://doi.org/10.1111/wrr.12994
  8. Fitriyah, D., Ayu, D. P., Puspita, S. D., Kartika, R. C., & Ubaidillah, M. (2022). Kandungan nutrisi dan aktivitas antimikroba ekstrak beras merah. Jurnal Pangan Dan Gizi, 12(2), 30-36.
  9. Jahan-Mihan, A., El Khoury, D., Brewer, G. J., & Chapleau, A. (2025). Current perspectives on protein supplementation in athletes: General guidance and special considerations for diabetes—A narrative review. Nutrients, 17(22), 3528. 10.3390/nu17223528
  10. Kramer, A., Dissemond, J., Kim, S., Willy, C., Mayer, D., Papke, R., & Assadian, O. (2018). Consensus on wound antisepsis: update 2018. Skin pharmacology and physiology, 31(1), 28-58. https://doi.org/10.1159/000481545
  11. Listiani, F. I., Hafshah, M., & Latifah, R. N. (2023). Antibacterial Activity Test of Secang Wood (Caesalpinia sappan L.) Ethanol Extract Against Streptococcus mutans. Al-Kimia, 11(1). https://doi.org/10.24252/al-kimia.v11i1.37136
  12. Long, D. R., Cifu, A., Salipante, S. J., Sawyer, R. G., Machutta, K., & Alverdy, J. C. (2024). Preventing surgical site infections in the era of escalating antibiotic resistance and antibiotic stewardship. JAMA surgery, 159(8), 949-956.
  13. Marcon, L. (2022). Multicellular self-organization: Development. Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, 23(12), 777-777.10.1038/s41580-022-00520-8
  14. Nherera, L. M., & Banerjee, J. (2024). Cost effectiveness analysis for commonly used human cell and tissue products in the management of diabetic foot ulcers. Health Science Reports, 7(3), e1991. https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.1991
  15. Rippon, M. G., Rogers, A. A., & Ousey, K. (2023). Polyhexamethylene biguanide and its antimicrobial role in wound healing: a narrative review. Journal of wound care, 32(1), 5-20. https://doi.org/10.12968/jowc.2023.32.1.5
  16. Saputra, S. B., Yanti, R., Sari, R. F., Zamrina, W., Taa, M. V., Damayani, D., & Nazaruddin, N. (2026). Efektivitas Dressing Modern Dan Terapi Topikal Terhadap Penyembuhan Luka Bakar Derajat II: Literature Review. Jurnal Anoa Keperawatan Mandala Waluya, 5(2), 480-490. https://doi.org/10.54883/jakmw.v5i2.1666
  17. Stanescu, C., Chiscop, I., Mihalache, D., Boev, M., Tamas, C., & Stoleriu, G. (2025). The roles of micronutrition and nutraceuticals in enhancing wound healing and tissue regeneration: A systematic review. Molecules, 30(17), 3568. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30173568
  18. Uusitupa, H. M., Rasinkangas, P., Lehtinen, M. J., Mäkelä, S. M., Airaksinen, K., Anglenius, H., ... & Maukonen, J. (2020). Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis 420 for Metabolic Health: Review of the Research. Nutrients, 12(4), 892. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12040892
  19. Velnar, T., Bailey, T., & Smrkolj, V. (2009). The wound healing process: an overview of the cellular and molecular mechanisms. Journal of international medical research, 37(5), 1528-1542. 10.1177/03000605221086487
  20. Volek, J. S., Kackley, M. L., & Buga, A. (2024). Nutritional considerations during major weight loss therapy: focus on optimal protein and a low-carbohydrate dietary pattern. Current nutrition reports, 13(3), 422-443.